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FORM & FUNCTION OF ADJECTIVES

  1. Adjectives are invariable:

    They do not change their form depending on the gender or number of the noun.

    --> A hot potato & Some hot potatoes


  2. To emphasise or strengthen the meaning of an adjective use 'very' or 'really':

    --> A very hot potato & Some really hot potatoes.


  3. Position of adjectives:

    a) Usually in front of a noun: --> A beautiful girl.

    b)After verbs like "to be", "to seem", "to look", "to taste":

    --> The girl is beautiful.
    --> You look tired.
    --> This meat tastes funny.

    c)After the noun: in some fixed expressions:

    --> The Princess Royal
    --> The President elect


    The adjectives involved, present, concerned :

    --> I want to see the people involved/concerned
    (= the people who have something to do with the matter)

    --> Here is a list of the people present
    (= the people who were in the building or at the meeting)

    Be careful!

    When these adjectives are used before the noun they have a different meaning:


    --> An involved discussion = detailed, complex


  4. FORM AND FUNCTION OF ADJECTIVES

    FUNCTION:

    Adjectives tell us more about a noun. They can:

    Describe feelings or qualities:

    --> He is a lonely man
    --> They are honest people

    Give nationality or origin:

    --> Pierre is French
    --> This clock is German

    Tell more about a thing's characteristics:

    --> A wooden table.
    --> The knife is sharp.
    --> He's a young man

    Tell us about size and measurement:

    --> John is a tall man.
    --> This is a very long film.

    Tell us about colour:

    --> Paul wore a red shirt.
    --> The sunset was crimson and gold.

    Tell us about material/what something is made of:

    --> It was a wooden table
    --> She wore a cotton dress.

    Tell us about shape:

    --> A rectangular box.
    --> A square envelope.

    Express a judgement or a value:

    --> A fantastic film
    --> Grammar is boring .


FORM AND FUNCTION OF ADJECTIVES

ORDER:

Where a number of adjectives are used together, the order depends on the function of the adjective.

The usual order is: Value/opinion, Size, Age/Temperature, Shape, Colour, Origin, Material


Value/opinion

delicious, lovely, charming

Size

small, huge, tiny

Age/Temperature

old, hot, young

Shape

round, square, rectangular

Colour

red, blonde, black

Origin

Swedish, Victorian, Chinese

Material

plastic, wooden, silver



For Example:

--> a lovely old red post-box
--> some small round plastic tables

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